Blair, who won the British title last year with a personal best of of 57.44m, has the chance to appeal and the right to a full hearing.
Blair, from Luton, represented Great Britain at the European Athletics Team Championships in Lille this summer.
UK Athletics says the 31-year-old has been charged with committing an anti-doping rule violation.
Blair is accused of breaching International Association of Athletics Federations' anti-doping rule, article 2.1, which concerns the "presence of a prohibited substance or its metabolites or markers in a sample".
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