The election, which has been labelled the "biggest election thriller in many decades" by national media, will see Prime Minister Erna Solberg's Conservatives go head-to-head with the opposition Labour party.
Opinion polls indicate a close race, with an aggregate suggesting just one seat may separate the parties once Norway's 169-member parliament is returned.
Solberg's Conservative party has led a coalition government, alongside the libertarian Progress Party, since ballots were last cast in 2013.
The coalition is running on a manifesto of continuity, which includes further tax cuts in a bid to boost economic growth for Norway's 5.3 million people.
The Labour party, under the leadership of millionaire Jonas Gahr Store, has pledged to raise taxes on Norway's highest earners in order to strengthen social security provisions and reduce inequality.
"We need a change now because we are growing apart from each other," said Store, 57, on Sunday.